Richard Rössler, also Roessler or Rößler (14 November 1880 – 23 June 1962) was a Baltic German pianist, organist, composer and music educator (academic teacher). In 1910, he married the pianist Dora Charlotte Mayer (1887–1951), a Württemberg pastor's daughter who had studied in Berlin with Ernst von Dohnányi and Max Bruch. The couple had three children.
Life
Born in Riga, Rössler was a son of the Sudeten German Kapellmeister Roman Rössler (1853–1889) from Gablonz and the Baltic German Anna Gertrud née Schweinfurth (1853–1927). The family lived in Poland from 1886 to 1889. After returning to Riga, Rössler attended the local city secondary school until his Abitur in 1897. He received his musical education at the "Schule der Tonkunst" in Riga from 1892, graduating in 1897. (His piano teacher was the Leschetitzky pupil Bror Möllersten.) From 1897 to 1901, he studied composition with Max Bruch (1838–1920) as well as piano with Heinrich Barth (1847–1922) and Ernst Rudorff (1840–1916) at the Universität der Künste Berlin.[1][2][3][4]
In 1900, he received the Mendelssohn Scholarship for composition from the Mendelssohn Society, whose chairman was Joseph Joachim (1831–1907),[5] That same year, he was engaged by Joachim to teach piano at the Hochschule für Musik; in 1904, also as répétiteur and in 1907, as theory teacher. From 1910 to 1953, Rössler was the main subject teacher for piano (from 1918 as professor and later for many years as head of the piano classes). In 1929/30, he was an examiner at the Berggrün Conservatory in Cairo. In 1932, he was the German representative as a juror at the second, and in 1937 (together with Wilhelm Backhaus and Alfred Hoehn) at the third International Chopin Piano Competition in Warsaw.
As a pianist, Rössler was particularly known as a Bach performer.[6][7] He performed the complete Wohltemperiertes Klavier by J. S. Bach from memory at three piano recitals in the 1930s. In Berlin press reviews of his Bach recitals of 1929 and 1930, he was characterised as a "distinguished, detached personality, stripped of all superfluous externals", and was credited with "exemplary clarity and an incorruptible sense of the measure of expression" as well as "exemplary simplicity and self-evidence, which are the essence of very great art", in addition to "extraordinary skill" and "consummate technique".[8]
In addition to his extensive solo activities covering a wide repertoire, Rössler also performed with renowned contemporary musicians. For example, he performed for decades with the violinist Karl Klingler, with whom he was also on friendly terms and to whom he dedicated several of his compositions. Together with his wife Dora, Rössler formed a piano duo for which he also composed two extensive works (see "Printed Works").
His piano students later included well-known artists such as Andre Asriel, Max Baumann, Erwin Bodky,[9][10] Ludwig Hoffmann, Irma Hofmeister, Herrmann Hoppe, Jan Koetsier,[11] Ferdinand Leitner,[12] Boris Lysenko, Dr. Hans Joachim Moser, Helmut Roloff, Bertha Tideman-Wijers, Anneliese Schier-Tiessen, Siegfried Schubert-Weber, Ignaz Strasfogel, Volker Wangenheim, Kurt Weill,[13] Gerhard Wilhelm, Ernestine Wolossowa and Ingeborg Wunder.
As a composer, Rössler wrote mainly works for piano (1 and 2 pianos), piano chamber music (duos, trios, 1 quintet, 1 sextet for violin, viola, cello, clarinet, horn and piano), songs and organ works; also 1 string quintet (2 violins, 2 violas, cello), 2 piano concertos, orchestral works (among others, 14 variations and fugue on an original theme for 40 voices; 1 serenade), 4 sacred choruses ("Lamentations of Jeremiah"). He also appeared as an editor (piano works by J. N. Hummel, "Collection Litolff") and arranger ("Perpetuum mobile" by Franz Ries for 2 pianos). Stylistically, he was committed to the music-aesthetic tradition of the Brahms-Joachim circle: "an excellent chamber music composer of the Brahmsian direction."[14] But "there are also musical echoes of Slavic music of the Bohemian as well as the Polish kind".[15]
His compositional work was mainly written until 1920. "Later he composed almost only occasional works for the smaller circle."[16] Since 2012, there are newly recorded: "Trio in A-flat major for piano, violin and violoncello", "Sonata in G major for violin and piano" (op. 20), "Romance in B flat major for violin and piano" (op. 2), "Romance in E flat major for violin and piano" and "Albumblättchen für kleine Tochter, G-Dur".[17]
Rössler died in Berlin in 1962 at the age of 81. His grave is located at the Friedhof Zehlendorf [de].[18]
Work
Zwei Lieder (Das alte Lied; Flieder), op. 7 (Berlin 1901, Tessaro-Verlag)
Trio As-Dur für Clavier, Violine und Violoncello (Berlin 1905, Ries und Erler)
Sonate E-Dur für Flöte und Klavier, op. 15 (Leipzig/Berlin 1907, Verlag Julius Heinrich Zimmermann)
Suite d-Moll für Flöte und Klavier, op. 16 (Leipzig/Berlin 1907, Julius Heinrich Zimmermann)
Passacaglia g-Moll für Orgel (Berlin 1908, Ries und Erler)
Phantasie d-Moll für Orgel (Leipzig 1908, Verlag Breitkopf und Härtel)
Fantasie e-Moll für Orgel (Berlin o. J., Ries und Erler)
Vier Lieder für eine Singstimme mit Clavierbegleitung, op. 18 (Berlin 1908, Ries und Erler)
Sonate G-Dur für Violine und Klavier, op. 20 (Berlin/New York 1910, Verlage Albert Stahl, G. Schirmer)
Sonate für zwei Klaviere zu 4 Händen, op. 22 (Berlin/Leipzig 1912, Verlag N. Simrock)
Vier kleine Klavierstücke, op. 23 (Leipzig/Berlin 1912, Julius Heinrich Zimmermann)
Walzer für das Pianoforte (G-Dur; Es-Dur), op. 24 (Berlin 1912, Ries und Erler)
Zwei Impromptus für das Pianoforte, op. 27 (Berlin o. J., Ries und Erler)
Variationen As-Dur über das Volkslied „Ach, wie ist’s möglich dann“ für zwei Klaviere, op. 29 (Berlin 1920, Ries und Erler)
Vier geistliche Chöre (Klagelieder Jeremiae) für gemischten Chor, op. 26 (Berlin 1914, Edition Bote und Bock)
Variationen a-Moll über ein eigenes Thema für das Pianoforte, op. 30 (Berlin 1919, Ries und Erler)
Sonate A-Dur für Violoncello und Klavier (Berlin 1943, Ries und Erler)
Wilhelm Kempff: Unter dem Zimbelstern. Das Werden eines Musikers.[19] Engelhorn Verlag Adolf Spemann, Stuttgart 1951, pp. 51–53.
Pianisten in Berlin. Klavierspiel und Klavierausbildung seit dem 19. Jahrhundert. With contributions by Linde Großmann and Heidrun Rodewald. Edited by Wolfgang Rathert and Dietmar Schenk, Berlin: Hochschule der Künste 1999 (HdK-Archiv, Vol. 3)
Helmut Scheunchen: Lexikon deutschbaltischer Musik. Verlag Harro v. Hirschheydt, Wedemark-Elze 2002, ISBN3-7777-0730-9, pp. 214–216.
Helmut Scheunchen: Richard Rössler. In Beiheft zur CD Malincolia – Werke für Violoncello und Klavier (Helmut Scheunchen, Violoncello; Günter Schmidt, Klavier), Cornetto-Verlag, Stuttgart 2002. (published by the Haus der Heimat of the State of Baden-Württemberg, Stuttgart)
Anneliese Schier-Tiessen: Über die wahre Art das Klavier zu spielen. In memoriam Richard Rössler. In Neue Zeitschrift für Musik Vol. 123, 1962, p. 402.
In memoriam Richard Rössler. Arbeitskreis für Schulmusik und Allgemeine Musikpädagogik, Verband der Lehrer für Musik an den Höheren Schulen Bayerns, 1962, p. 402.
^Siegfried Borris: Hochschule für Musik (Berlin. Gestalt und Geist. Vol. 3). Stapp Verlag, Berlin 1964.
^Dietmar Schenk: Von Joachim bis Schreker. Ein Rückblick auf die Akademische Musikhochschule aus Anlass des 125. Jahrestages ihrer Gründung im Jahre 1869. In Neue Berlinische Musikzeitung. 2/1994, pp. 3–12.
^Beiträge zur Geschichte Dortmunds und der Grafschaft Mark. Vol. 62–63, 1965.
^Dietmar Schenk: From Joachim to Schreker. A review of the Akademische Musikhochschule on the occasion of the 125th anniversary of its foundation in 1869. In Neue Berlinische Musikzeitung. 2/1994, pp. 3–12.
^Werner Schwarz, Franz Kessler, Helmut Scheunchen: Musikgeschichte Pommerns, Westpreussens, Ostpreussens und der baltischen Lande. In The Music of the Germans in Eastern Central Europe. Vol. 3, Laumann-Verlag, 1990, ISBN3-87466-120-2.
^Wilibald Gurlitt (ed.): Riemann Musik Lexikon. Volume 2: Personenteil L-Z. 12th, completely revised edition. in three volumes. Schott's Söhne, Mainz 1961, p. 527.
^Verband der konzertierenden Künstler Deutschlands e.V., Berlin W 57, Blumenthalstr. 17 and all renowned concert directors. Excerpts from some Berlin press reviews of Professor Richard Rössler as an interpreter of Joh. Seb. Bach: "The Well-Tempered Clavier" [leaflet, 4 pages]
^Barbara von der Lühe: Die Emigration deutschsprachiger Musikschaffender in das britische Mandatsgebiet Palästina. Their contribution to the development of Israeli radio, opera and music education since 1933. Verlag P. Lang, 1999, ISBN3-631-33510-5, p. 135.
^Lukas Näf, Matthias von Orelli (ed.): Carl Orff – Ferdinand Leitner. Ein Briefwechsel. In Publikationen des Orff-Zentrums München. Vol. 1, Verlag Schott Musikwissenschaft, Mainz 2008, ISBN978-3-7957-0592-3, p. 14.
^Kurt Weill: Briefe an die Familie (1914–1950). In Lys Symonette, Elmar Juchem (ed.): M & P Schriftenreihe für Wissenschaft und Forschung, Veröffentlichungen der Kurt-Weill-Gesellschaft Dessau. Vol. 3, Verlag J. B. Metzler, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN3-476-45244-1.
^Hans Joachim Moser: Die Musik der deutschen Stämme. G. Wancura Verlag, Vienna/ Stuttgart 1957, pp. 303f.
^Helmut Scheunchen: Lexikon deutschbaltischer Musik. Verlag Harro v. Hirschheydt, Wedemark-Elze 2002, ISBN3-7777-0730-9, p. 215. A critique characterising Rössler's nature as a pianist as well as a composer is found by Hans Schmidt in the "Rigaschen Rundschau" after a concert on 22 October 1908, in which Rössler performed works by others as well as his own: "Strong nature and bold spirit merge into a strangely tart and fresh peculiarity. [...] A temperament that is more intellectually fiery than sensually passionate transforms a certain tendency towards the academic only into the magisterial, a slight inclination towards the didactic only into the masterly, so that the final overall result is only that which is ideal and stylish in the best sense of the word".
^Helmut Scheunchen: Lexikon deutschbaltischer Musik. Verlag Harro v. Hirschheydt, Wedemark-Elze 2002, p. 215.
^Master Works of Richard Rössler. Piano Chamber Music (Alexander Rössler, piano, Karin Adam, violin, Othmar Müller, violoncello). Camerata Tokyo, Inc, 2012.
