Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (2006)
Mary C. Waters (born c. 1957) is an Americansociologist, demographer and author. She is the John L. Loeb Professor of Sociology and the PVK Professor of Arts and Sciences at Harvard University.[1][2] Much of her work has focused on immigrants, the meaning of racial and ethnic identity, and how immigrants integrate into a new society.[3][4] Waters chaired the 2015 National Research Council Panel on The Integration of Immigrants into American Society.[5]
Waters has taught at Harvard University since 1986 and has served on multiple boards and committees at Harvard, including chairing the Sociology Department.[3]
She has been named the M.E. Zukerman Professor of Sociology,[7] the John L. Loeb Professor of Sociology and (as of 2018) the PVK Professor of Arts and Sciences.[8][5][1]
Waters specializes in the study of immigration, identity formation and inter-group relations, with an emphasis on ethnic and racial identity among the children of immigrants.[9][10] She examines the formation and measurement of race and identity[11]
and has testified before Congress and worked with the United States census on its framing of measures of racial and ethnic identity.[3] She also studies the social determinants of health and long term resilience and recovery from disasters.[12] She is the principal investigator in a longitudinal study of the effects of Hurricane Katrina on African-American single mothers from New Orleans.[8][13][14]
Waters has written or edited at least 13 books,[5] and published numerous papers.[15]
She is noted for her concept of ethnic option, according to which the children and descendants of immigrants have the option of choosing whether or not to identify with the ethnicity of their ancestors.[16][17][18] Waters notes, however, that there are four specific factors which influence that choice: “knowledge about ancestors, surname, looks, and the relative rankings of the groups.”[19] The term first appeared in her book Ethnic Options, Choosing Identities in America (1990).[19][20]
Her book Black Identities: West Indian Immigrant Ideas and American Realities (1999) won five scholarly awards.[3] Her underlying research for the book has been described as a "methodological tour de force" presenting multiple perspectives on race, class, ethnicity and generations.[21]Inheriting the City: The Children of Immigrants Come of Age (2008) has also won multiple awards.[22] It has been described as "a deeply learned, richly empirical, and elegantly written tour de force" that appreciates the complexity of immigrant lives.[23] The authors suggested that second generation immigrants were able to choose helpful aspects from both their parents' culture and the culture of their native-born peers, enabling them to become more successful. The work was considered "methodologically innovative" for the techniques it used to randomly select a sample of people to study, and for its matching of similar immigrant and non-immigrant control groups (e.g. West Indian immigrants and African-Americans.)[24]
Waters chaired the 2015 NRC Panel on The Integration of Immigrants into American Society and co-edited the resulting 2016 book, The Integration of Immigrants into American Society.[5][2] Its research counters a number of myths about the impact of immigration. Results showed that cities with large immigrant populations actually had lower crime rates, not higher ones. The research showed that immigration positively effected long-term economic growth, housing markets and labor markets, without negatively impacting native-born workers. The work also showed that immigrants become more like native-born Americans through successive generations, a phenomenon that includes both benefits such as higher educational level and deficits such as poorer health.[25][26][27]
1999–2004, named "Harvard College Professor", Harvard University, an honor for excellence in teaching[29]
2001, Mira Komarovsky Award, Eastern Sociological Society, for Black Identities: West Indian Immigrant Ideas and American Realities. Harvard University Press. 2001.[30][31]
2001, Award for Distinguished Contribution to Scholarship in Population, American Sociological Association, for Black Identities: West Indian Immigrant Ideas and American Realities. Harvard University Press. 2001.[32]
2009, The Section on International Migration's Thomas and Znaniecki Best Book Award, American Sociological Association for Inheriting the City: The Children of Immigrants. Russell Sage Foundation, 2008.[33]
2009, Mira Komarovsky Award, Eastern Sociological Society, for Inheriting the City: The Children of Immigrants. Russell Sage Foundation, 2008.[34]
2010, Distinguished Scholarly Book Award, American Sociological Association, for Inheriting the City: The Children of Immigrants Come of Age. Russell Sage Foundation, 2008.[35]
Waters, Mary C.; Devine, Fiona (2004), "Introduction", in Waters, Mary C.; Devine, Fiona (eds.), Social inequalities in comparative perspective, Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, pp. 1–19, ISBN9780631226857.
Waters, Mary C. (2004), "Race, ethnicity, and immigration in the United States", in Waters, Mary C.; Devine, Fiona (eds.), Social inequalities in comparative perspective, Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, pp. 20–38, ISBN9780631226857.
References
^ abc"Mary C. Waters". Department of Sociology, Harvard University. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
^Hickman, Mary J. (2005). "Migration and diaspora". In Cleary, Joe; Connolly, Claire (eds.). The Cambridge companion to modern Irish culture. Cambridge, UK ; New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 117–136.
^Stevenson, Marshall F. (1994). ""Ethnic Options, Choosing Identities in America", by Mary C. Waters (Book Review)". Journal of American Ethnic History. 13 (4): 88–.
^Zhou, M. (1 June 2001). "Black Identities: West Indian Immigrant Dreams and American Realities. By Mary C. Waters. Harvard University Press, 1999. 413 pp. Cloth, $35.00". Social Forces. 79 (4): 1550–1552. doi:10.1353/sof.2001.0058.
