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Iris kolpakowskiana
 Iris kolpakowskiana, or Kolpakowski's iris,[2] is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is classified in the subgenus Hermodactyloides and section Monolepsis. It is a bulbous perennial from Asia. DescriptionIt has a bulb covered with a densely reticulate fibrous tunics.[3] It has 3–4 leaves,[3] which are similar to many irises of the genus Scorpiris, although it has only a few leaves at flowering time.[4] They are 3.5–11 cm (1.4–4.3 in) long,[3] and can increase up to 30 cm (12 in) later after flowering.[4] They are 0.2 cm wide and ribbed on the underside.[3] It has a very short stem, green spathes (leaves of the flower bud) and perianth tube 5–9 cm (2.0–3.5 in) long.[3] It blooms in late winter,[5] between March,[6] and April.[3] The flowers are bi-tone (2 coloured),[7] they come in purple shades, from reddish-violet,[7] lilac-violet,[3][8] pale lilac to pale purple.[5] Like other irises, it has 2 pairs of petals, 3 large sepals (outer petals), known as the 'falls' and 3 inner, smaller petals (or tepals), known as the 'standards'.[9]: 17 The falls are lanceolate shaped, 3.5–4 cm (1.4–1.6 in) long.[3] They are dark violet, purple,[3] or dark reddish purple,[5] with a yellow,[3] or yellow orange ridge.[5][7] The standards are obovate or oblanceolate shaped and 3.5–5 cm (1.4–2.0 in) long.[3] It has stamens with filaments that are 0.5–0.9 cm long.[3] After the iris has flowered, it produces a cylindrical with a short beak seed capsule.[3] BiochemistryAs most irises are diploid, having two sets of chromosomes, this can be used to identify hybrids and classification of groupings.[9]: 18 It was counted as 2n=20.[7][3] TaxonomyIt is pronounced as (Iris) EYE-ris (kolpakowskiana) kol-pa-kow-skee-AY-nuh.[2] It is sometimes known as 'Kolpakowski's Iris'.[2] It is sometimes mis-spelt as Iris kolpakowskyana. It was named after the first Russian military Governor of Semirechye Oblast in modern Kazakhstan Gerasim Alexeevich Kolpakovsky.[10][11][12] See also Sun Tulip or Kolpakowski Tulip.[13] The iris was first described by Eduard August von Regel in the Botanical Magazine No.6489 in 1880.[5][14] Iris kolpakowskiana is now an accepted name by the RHS,[15] and was verified by United States Department of Agriculture and the Agricultural Research Service on 2 October 2014.[16] Distribution and habitatIt is native to temperate Asia.[16] RangeIt is found in the Tien Shan Mountains, Turkestan.[3][6][7] It is also found in Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan,[16] and Kyrgyzstan.[17] HabitatIt grows on the hillsides,[18] and open grassy slopes,[3] in wet sticky clay that dries out in summer.[19] It is normally found at 800–3,000 m (2,600–9,800 ft) above sea level,[18] near the melting snowline.[3] ConservationIt was on the 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants.[20] References
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